[Grammar]有关regard as及but for等问题

[fangzeng]

问题一：but that 和 but for 表示“要不是....的话”，区别是前者跟从句，后者跟名词或名词性短语，老师，这样分析对吗？
问题二：To my surprise the door was unlocked .可以改写成The door to my surprise was unlocked .吗
问题三：The ship was regard as unsinkable .为什么regard as 后面还能接形容词？

[aRNoLD]

一个一个回答，如下：

Q1
这个问题最好能给个例句分析，不过暂就我的理解解释如下。
字典上的解释， but for 是介词（preposition），相当于were it not for；but that 相当于that，字典中的解释是其用于否定后
THAT ― used after a negative <there is no doubt but that it must be done>

Q2
可以，但to my surprise的前后要加逗号，即
The door, to my surprise, was unlocked.

Q3
was regarded as （你原句中错掉了，不是regard）相当于 was considered ...或was supposed to be...，后者容易理解其后可接形容词。
再看几句例句：
We regard your action as a crime/as criminal. 我们认为你这种行为是犯罪行为.
Paul seemed to regard sex as sinful and immoral.
Edith was widely regarded as (=considered by many people to be) eccentric.
由此可看出这个结构可跟名词或形容词。

[fangzeng]

关于but for 和but that 的例句：
Jane , a good friend of mine ,would have helped us but that he was short of money at that time .
But for that rain , we should have had a pleasant jouney.
问题一：but that 和 but for 表示“要不是....的话”，区别是前者跟句子，后者跟名词或名词性短语，不能跟句子，老师，这样分析对吗？

[aRNoLD]

but that这个一般是翻译成“若非”，也就是你说的“要不是……的话”，这个组合接真实情况，也就是说不用虚拟式，主句（即“好友简本来会帮助我们”）要用虚拟式。

你的理解是对的，参考几个例句。

But that I saw it, I could not have believed it. 要不是我亲眼所见，我决不会相信。
But that you helped us, we could not have been rich. 要不是你的帮助，我们不会富裕起来。

The purse is empty but for a few coins. 除了几枚硬币外，钱包里空空的。
She could have remarried but for her little daughter. 为了女儿她才没有结婚。

[fangzeng]

谢谢老师，明白了