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[Grammar]expect后跟宾语;than的倒装用法;however后的省略

Posted: July 9th, 2009, 10:09 am
by fangzeng
Q1
In a world of fragmenting audiences they boast an enormous reach.如何翻译?
Q2
The students excepted there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.=The students excepted there were more reviewing classes before the final exams
等号应该是成立的,对不对?还有红字和蓝字都是宾语成分,分析得对吗?
Q3
However far-flung their operations,celebrity publishers know they must drive traffic to the weekly magazine,where the real money is still to be made.(不论名人出版商的经营多么广泛,他们知道必须驱使人们买周刊才能真正赚到钱。)
原文是否错了,红色字体应改为However far-flung their operations are
Q4
Mobile-phone alters privide much more timely information about the lives of the beautiful <span style='color:red'>than do magazines</span>
than do magazines是否应改为than magazines do

Posted: July 9th, 2009, 11:01 am
by aRNoLD
A1
最好有上下文供理解。在没有上下文的情况下,只能从局部来理解一下:
fragmenting指打碎的,分散的,和audience连起来可能说的是企业面向的受众或目标市场比较分散,也就是说非同质的,每个细部的量都不大,但细部比较多和杂;enormous reach在这里可能是指企业或组织能够达到或影响到的客户群是比较广泛的(reach在这里作名词用,指能力、权力、影响力等所涉及到的范围)。
以上两部分结合起来,整个句意大体如下:
在一个受众分散化的世界,他们以能够拥有极广泛的影响而自豪。
这里如果指电影、报纸等媒体公司,那么audience自然就是指的读者观众群,但该词还可指产品的用户群体。

A2
先看这个例句:
You would expect that there would be/there to be strong disagreement about this. 可以料到此事会有严重分歧.
蓝红两部分意思相同,都是expect(你问题中拼写错了)的宾语部分,但红字部分属于宾语补足语类(expect表示情感、希望,后跟there to be),蓝字后跟的是宾语从句(即省略掉了that)

A3
however后接形容词或副词,表示“无论如何、不管多么”,在这里用作副词。你的理解是对的,但是这句中它省略掉了,原文并没有错。原文是上个月经济学家杂志上的一篇文章(六月十八号刊),一般这类主流西媒的语法是不会错的,如果感觉上与一般语法有差别,通常是新出现的用法或省略导致。
再给你个例句:
The activities of the District, however far-flung and complex, return to a theme which remains their perennial concern-the Delaware River.

A4
先吃饭去了。继续回答如下:
你的理解可行,即than作为连词,前后两边应当是“平衡”与“对等”的,因此可以改为...than magazines do这样的形式。
但是,than do magazines也正确,这里涉及到一个倒装的问题。通常情况下,句子结构稍复杂的话,有时并非出于语法而更多出于语音的考虑(如读起来是否有节奏、发音是否容易等情况),在than后相关主语部分比较长的时候会采用这种倒装,即将than后的主谓倒换,在这句中是do和magazines倒换位置。要注意这个倒装并非一定要的。

参考几个这类倒装语法的例句:
Inversion sometimes happens after as, than and emphasizing so in a literary style.
1. She was very religious, as were most of her friends.
2. City dwellers have a higher death rate than do country people.
3. So ridiculous did she look that everybody burst out laughing.
Practical English Usage 第二版 p.289

另外,再补充一下有关than这类倒装的实际用法,便于今后写作时采用。这类倒装在一般的文章中用的不多,但在TOEFL、GRE、GMAT等美国英语考试中较多出现和采用。
Cheetahs run faster than do antelopes.
You speak Chinese better than do I.
Jessica is more interested in Computer Science than is Benjamin.

如果注意观察,会发现采用这类倒装是用于对主语部分进行比较的情况下,而若对宾语部分进行比较,则不采用这个倒装。试对以下例句进行比较:
I like carrots more than I do potatoes. 正
I like carrots more than do I like potatoes. 误
以上是对宾语部分,即土豆和胡萝卜进行比较,倒装是错误的;下面对“我”和我的朋友卡尔进行比较,就可用倒装:
I like carrots more than does my friend Carl.

Posted: July 10th, 2009, 11:54 am
by fangzeng
:) Your answers to my questions are extremely perfect .Thanks for your help,you are so nice. :lol: